《民国史研究》发刊词

 
       自1912年南京临时政府成立，到1949年中华人民共和国诞生、国民政府退出大陆，是为中国近代史上的民国时期。在这38年时间里，以1927年南京国民政府成立为界，又可划分为前后两个阶段，即北京政府时期和南京国民政府时期。如果说自19世纪中叶以来，中国社会经历了前所未有的剧变，那么民国又是这一剧变展现得最为充分、全面和深刻的时期。经过晚清几十年的准备、酝酿，进入20世纪以后，社会和文化思潮的激荡，政治与经济结构的转型，政党的崛起与竞争，民众的觉醒与选择，加之外来力量的影响，使得中国社会发生的剧变达至顶峰。民国离现实最近，要想深刻理解今天的中国，必须对近代史上那段特殊时期的历史做深入细致的研究。
        从上世纪80年代开始，中国大陆的民国史研究就逐渐转“热”，近年更呈愈来愈“热”之势。这是中国历史研究重心不断下移的自然结果，同海外新理论、新方法的引入和中国当今社会的急剧变迁直接相关，也与民国时期的档案、报纸、日记等史料之海量及其开放、整理和利用之方便密不可分。不过，总体来说，这种研究“热”的分布却并不均衡。就时段而言，南京国民政府时期的历史研究更受重视，成果最为突出；北京政府时期则要相对冷清，关注较少。就内容而言，具体的、细碎的考述相对热衷，宏观的、贯通性的、尤其是富有思想的研究则显得不足。新的时代需要民国史研究的全面深化，也呼唤“有思想的学术和有学术的思想”。正是在这一背景下，我们创办了《民国史研究》，希望在这方面，能够略尽我们的绵薄之力。
       《民国史研究》是由中国人民大学民国史研究所主办的一份专业学术辑刊。它将依托地处北京的区位优势和本单位现有的学术条件，在全面关注整个民国时期历史的同时，自觉以北京政府时期的历史研究为侧重点；在兼顾政治史、经济史和社会史等领域的同时，尤能彰显思想文化史的研究特色。此外，在推动民国时期北京史的研究方面，也将提供一个专门持续的学术发表平台。本辑刊不仅重视新问题的提出、新方法的尝试和新思想的阐发，也重视新成果的评介、新史料的披露与运用。
       《民国史研究》既为中国人民大学民国史研究领域同人的学术园地，亦望海内外同道热心赐稿。只要言之有理，持之有故，无论长篇短简，无不竭诚欢迎。我们期望经过若干年的努力，能将《民国史研究》办成可与《清史研究》并立的姊妹刊物。
 
 
 
 
 
 
目录
 
 
·专题论文·
 
民国时期“中华国族”概念的运用、入宪讨论及典型阐说………………………………… 黄兴涛/001
民初省制问题争议 ……………… …………………………………………………………………… 邹小站/036 
清遗民身份认同研究……………………………………………………………………………… 郭双林 董 习/097
从评议政治转向思想启蒙：民国初期张东荪的心路历程  ……………………………  左玉河/129
传媒视域下“问题与主义”论争及《星期评论》、《每周评论》的南北呼应  ……王天根/170
张东荪与社会主义论战中的“英国道路”问题    …………………………………………………   高  波/184
 
·学术笔谈·
 
北洋政府史研究中的三对关键词  …………………………………………………………… 李细珠/195
民国学术史研究的一点思考  ………………………………………………………………  李  帆/200
拓展视野：抗日战争史研究从何处突破？………………………………………………李金铮/205
 
·前沿动态·
 
西方学界蒋介石研究的范式转移与取向变迁    以英文论著为中心的探讨  ………… 魏兵兵/215
民国北京之史的研究：以近十年为中心的检视  …………………………………………………   陈  鹏/243
 
·书评·
 
用性别解读城市  评程为坤《劳作的女人》  ……………………………………………………   杨剑利/269
 
·珍稀文献·
 
《武兆镐家书》简注   …………………………………………………………………………………… 郭双林整理/282
Contents and Abstracts    ……………………………………………………………………………………………    /333
稿    约   ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………   /339
 
 


 
Contents and Abstracts
 
 
Articles
 

The Application, Interpretation, and Constitutional Discussion of the Concept of “ZhonghuaGuozu” in the Republic of China

                                                          Huang Xingtao

 
Abstract: “Zhonghuaguozu” or the Chinese State-nation is a new, complex political concept, which was closely correlated with another concept, “zhonghuaminzu” or the Chinese Nation. This new concept derived from another concept that was seen in late Qing and early Republican era, “the State-nation”. This new concept was first used in the late 1920s and 30s, and was adopted by the draft version of the 1935 May Fifth Constitution. This article discusses the process in which this concept was formed, its various connotations, how it was adopted, and finally the differentperspectivesand disagreement among the high-ranked Nationalist elites when this concept was adopted by the draft version of 1935 Constitution. This essay will also analyze the mode of thought as represented by the Republican anthropologistRuiYifu whose writing represented the theory of “the Chinese state-nation”.
Key Words: Chinese State-nation;  Chinese Nation;  May Fifth Draft Constitution;  Sun ke; Rui Yifu
 
 

The Dispute over Provincial System in Early Period of the Republic of China

Zhou Xiaozhan

 
Abstract: Starting from late Qing, the provincial system increasingly gained influence. It was the independence of provinces that marked the 1911 Revolution, or the Xinhai Revolution. The new Republic of China was a republic of all those independent provinces, and federalism was once a promising proposal of political constitution in the Republic of China.  One of the ideological motivations of Xinhai Revolution was to reinvent politics in order to save the Chinese nation. As such, statism became very influential after the revolution. It was so powerful that statism and strong centralism became popular in publicsphere.In this case, how to recreate those independent provinces, and how to adjust the relationship between the central and local governments, became the hot issues in the circles of politicians and intellectuals in the Republic of China. At that time, there was a serious lack of mutual trust amongthe major political powers. After the old imperial power collapsed, the new central power experienced difficulty in transforming itself from a power that relied on military power and autocracy into one that relied on law and order. This made it more difficult for the elites of the early Republican era to deal with the relationship between the central and local governments, especially on a provincial level. In face, this became the important reason for the rise of local warlords in the following decade.
Key Words: The Early Republic; Provincial Power; Political Pattern; Military and CivilianDivision;  Elected Province Governor;  Dissolution Rights of Provincial Parliament
 
 

A Study on the Identity Formation of the Qing Adherents

Guo Shuanglin   Dong Xi

 
Abstract: The Xinhai Revolution in 1911 brought to an end thedynastic history of China, and embarked on a new era of democracy and republicanism. The adherents of the Qing Dynasty, under the pressures from nationalism and democracy, desperately sought for their a new identity and attempted to arouse self-consciousness among themselves as well. This was done through various cultural practices, including compiling martyrdom literatures, adherents’ records, and drafting the history of Qing. This article discusses the identity formation of the last generation of the Qing adherents amid the debate over what is old and what is new. This article tries to reflect the painful and complex transition from an imperial system to the republican and hopefully provides a new perspective for the study on the History of the Republic of China.
Key Words: Adherents of Qing Dynasty;  Identity;  Martyrdom in Xinhai Revolution;  Draft History of Qing
 
 

From Political Criticism to Ideological Enlightenment: the Experience of Zhang Dongsun in Eerly Period of the Republic of China

ZuoYuhe

 
Abstract: In early period of the Republic of China, Zhang Dongsun published a large number of political commentaries, including the nature of the congress and constitution, the system of presidential and cabinet, the jurisdiction of the president, the system of administrative judgment, budget system, federal system, and the localautonomous system, which made a considerableimpact on the thought circle. However, these commentaries did not affect the realpolitik. Zhang felt disappointed about his early political career, and thought that it was impossible to set up the republic in China, for the reasons of political revolution too fast and social revolution too slow. So he turned his interests into the field of thought and culture. In 1917, he inheritedShishiXinbao, and set up Xinxuehui, and founded Xuedeng, JiefangyuGaizao, from a political commentator to anenlightenment thinker, and became an important representative in the May 4th New Culture Movement.  
Key Words: Zhang Dongsun;  Early Period of the Republic of China;  Political Criticism; Ideological Enlightenment
 
 

From the Media Perspective on the Argument of “Problems and Doctrines” and the Echo of XingqiPinglun and Weekl Review

  Wang Tiangen

 
Abstract: With the western ideology and culture entering into China, the carrier of consensus became more and more important, which involved the discourse of modern state, social and ideology. The Argument of “Problems and Doctrines”, was related to Hushi’s attitude to two Principles of People's Livelihood, one from Anfu group, another from Sun Yat-sen’s Three Principles of the People, both academy and politics. As the important consensus carrier, both the journal of Meizhou Pinglun in Beijing and the journal of Xingqi Pinglun in Shanghai, joined the argument. This article discussed the analysis framework of consensus space, and its relationship with political agenda.
Key Words:  Problems and Doctrines;  Weekl Review;  Xingqi Pinglun
 
 

Zhang Dongsun and the Problem of “The British Way” in the Debates onSocialism

Gao Bo

 
Abstract：In the debates on socialism, a major theme was the comparison between the Russian Way and the British Way. Zhang Dongsun disagreed with the Russian bolshevism; in his view,  it was not consistent with the May Fourth spirit of democracy and social reform. By contrast, he was more inclined to the British guild socialism. However, he also believed that the guild socialism was irrelevant to China, because there were great differences between China and British in terms of social and political conditions. As such, his approval of the guild socialism was more of a response to the pressure from the time ; this was a time when a new school of intellectualsmust have his own doctrine and belief, so that this school would not be mistaken for a theory of promoting capitalism. Zhang’s argument for the British way in a way reflected the ideological and political dilemma of the middle-way intellectuals. This case also helps us understand the rise of the National Socialism in the 1920s. The historical memory of Zhang Dongsun as a guild Socialist should also be reconsidered in light of current discussion.
Key Words:  the Debates upon Socialism;  Zhang Dongsun;  the Russian Way;  the British Way;  British Guild Socialism
 
 
Viewpoints
 

Three Pairs of Keywords in the Study of Beiyang Political History

 Li Xizhu

Some Ideas on the Research on Academic History of the Republic of China

 Li Fan

Expanding Views: Where is a Breakthrough in the Study of the Anti-Japanese War History?

  Li Li Jinzheng

 
Frontiers
 

The Paradigm and Trend of Researches on Jiang Jieshi in Western Academic World  Focusing on Works and Articles which are Published in English

Wei Bingbing

Research on the Local History of Beijing of The Republic of China in the Recent Ten Years

 Chen Peng

 
Book Review
 

Unscrambling the City under the Perspective of Gender Theory

   Cheng Weikun’s book: City of Working Women

 Yang Jianli

 
Historical Documents
 

Brief Annotation of Chan-han Wu Correspondence

Guo Shuanglin

（英文译校：牛贯杰、冯淼）

稿 约

 
一、《民国史研究》是中国人民大学民国史研究所主办的一份专业学术辑刊，是国内外民国史研究者发表研究成果的共同园地。
二、本刊为年刊，主要刊发关于民国时期（特别是北京政府时期）政治、经济、军事、外交、社会、民族、宗教、思想文化、社会风俗、学术动态等方面的研究成果。文章类别包括专题论文、论史札记、前沿动态、书评、序跋等，竭诚欢迎国内外学者赐稿。
三、来稿字数不限，请附以英文标题、摘要、关键词；为方便核对，请尽可能提供纸质和电子两种版本；本刊不退稿，请自留底稿。
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